Saturday September 8, 2007
The HRH Racing Digest
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Jim Lambert
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The Horse-Race-Handicapping.com Breeders Cup 2007 Series
 
Installment 2 of 3
 
"The Nuts And Bolts Of Financing The Breeders Cup"

 
by Jim Lambert


The Breeders Cup Foal Nomination Program

Breeders Cup Limited administers the Breeders Cup World Championships.  This year's culminating event is the two-day World Championships (October 26 and 27) staging 11 races (at Monmouth Park, New Jersey) worth $23 million in purses.  Three new $1 million races will be introduced on Friday, October 26.  They are the Breeders Cup Dirt Mile (for 3-year-olds and up), the Breeders Cup Filly & Mare Sprint (for 3-year-olds and up fillies & mares), and the Breeders Cup Juvenile Turf.

So where does the money for the extravagant purses come from?  The Breeders Cup Foal and Stallion Nomination programs are integral in funding the purses for the pre-Championship Breeders Cup Stakes program and the Breeders Cup World Championships.

Where does it all start?  That would be the breeding farm, of course.  It starts when a breeding farm spends $500 to nominate a promising weanling for future Breeders Cup purse distributions.

This year Breeders Cup Foal nominators pay a one-time fee of $500 per foal by October 15, 2007 (or $1,500 by December 15 for late nominations) which makes their foals eligible to the Breeders Cup program for their entire racing careers.

Last year (2006) foal nominations generated about $8.3 million in revenue. The revenue figure for the 2005 foal crop was $8.2 million, and in 2007 another modest increase in revenue is expected.  Over 16,200 foals were nominated in 2006, and about half of them were nominated online by virtue of an interactive nomination system (started in 2000).

The 2007 pre-Championship Breeders Cup Stakes program features 137 races across the U.S. and Canada.  The breeder will receive Breeders Cup Awards distributions [5% of the Breeders Cup portion of the purse] every time the nominated foal finishes first, second, or third in future pre-Championship Breeders Cup Stakes races (not to be confused with the World Championships).  And the breeder receives a [5%] award if the foal finishes from first to fifth in a Breeders Cup World Championship race.  The breeder continues to be eligible to receive Breeders Cup purse distributions even if he no longer owns the horse.  In a typical Breeders Cup Stakes race about 2/3 of the purse money is put up by the racetrack [and its sponsors] and about 1/3 is put up by Breeders Cup Ltd.  If a Breeders Cup nominated horse wins then the winning connections get the winner's share of the entire purse, and the breeder gets [an award equal to] 5% of the Breeders Cup portion.  If a non-nominated horse wins, the winning connections get the winner's share of only the racetrack sponsored portion of the purse.  This is a huge incentive for the breeders and owners to continue to cultivate the Breeders Cup Foal Nomination program.  In the 137 races in the 2007 pre-Championship Breeders Cup Stakes program, a total of $26 million in purses will be paid out, and $8 million of the total are allocated from the Breeders Cup Foal and Stallion Nomination programs.

The Breeders Cup Stallion Nomination Program

Not just the foal gets nominated, but the stallion gets nominated also.  In fact, a foal cannot be nominated [under the Foal Nomination program] unless the stallion has also been nominated.  Of the over 3,000 stallions standing each year, some 1,200 are nominated annually.  Stallion nominations must be renewed every year to maintain eligibility.  For most stallions, the annual stallion nomination [and renewal] fee is equal to the going stud fee but not less than $1,000.  Stud fees range from less than a thousand dollars to hundreds of thousands of dollars.  As 2007 began, Bernardini commanded a $100,000 stud fee, and Storm Cat commanded the celestial fee of $500,000. 


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A total of 18 stallions standing in North America commanded stud fees of $100,000 or more.  Recently stallion nomination fees were increased for the most prodigious stallions (50 or more live foals in the year) to as much as twice the going stud fee, depending on how many live foals the stallion produces.  If a nominated stallion's progeny finishes first, second, or third in a pre-Championship Breeders Cup Stakes race, or from first to fifth in a Breeders Cup World Championship race, Breeders Cup awards distributions are presented to the nominating breeder for which the stallion stands.  The [5%] award amounts are the same for the Stallion Nomination program and the Foal Nomination program.  Breeders Cup Limited collected just under $9 million in 2005 from the Stallion Nomination program, increasing to $14 million in 2006.  This works out to an annual average of $7,200 per nominated stallion in 2005, increasing to roughly $11,000 in 2006.  These monies are separate from the Foal Nomination fees.  The Foal and Stallion Nomination fees together are crucial in funding purses for not only the pre-Championship Breeders Cup Stakes program, but the Breeders Cup World Championships.

The Breeders Cup Horses Of Racing Age Nomination Program

In 2006, Breeders Cup Limited created a new category for nomination.  This is the Horses of Racing Age Nomination program.  The connections of Lava Man took advantage of this plan for the 2006 Breeders Cup Classic [Churchill Downs].  As a foal, Lava Man was not nominated to the Foal Nomination program, although his sire Slew City Slew was nominated to the Stallion Nomination program.  By paying a one-time $125,000 fee to Breeders Cup Ltd, Lava Man's connections were able to kill two birds with one stone:

1.  Lava Man [a 5-year-old gelding at the time] becomes eligible for Breeders Cup purse and award distributions for life.

2.  Lava Man was entered in the 2006 Breeders Cup Classic for the standard $125,000 fee instead of the $450,00 supplemental fee [Lava Man finished seventh in the Classic]. 

Had Lava Man's sire Slew City Slew not been nominated as a stallion, the one-time nomination fee for Lava Man would have been $250,000 instead of $125,000.  Also, Lava Man's Breeders Cup Classic supplemental fee would have been $750,000.

Although Lava Man is now eligible for Breeders Cup purse and award distributions for life, this had no effect on his winnings for the June 30, 2007 Grade 1 Hollywood Gold Cup Handicap.  This is because the Hollywood Gold Cup Handicap is not part of the pre-Championship Breeders Cup Stakes series [nor is it a Breeders Cup World Championship race].  However, Lava Man earned 10 Breeders Cup points for winning a Grade 1 race.  And, oh by the way, Lava Man collected $450,000 for his Gold Cup victory, his third Hollywood Gold Cup win in as many years.

In 2006 the Breeders Cup Classic Champion Invasor was also entered via the Horses Of Racing Age Nomination Program.

How Do The Dollars Add Up?

Total purses for the 137 pre-Championship Breeders Cup Stakes races in 2007 are roughly $26 million,
and $8 million of the total comes from the Breeders Cup Foal and Stallion Nomination programs.  This does not include the eleven races on the two Championship Days, October 26-27, 2007, for which Breeders Cup Ltd is providing $23 million  in purses. 

This is where Breeders Cup Championship fees come in.  The owners of Breeders Cup World Championship runners [nominated to the Foal program or Horses of Racing Age program] pay a pre-entry fee equal to 1% of the purse and an additional entry fee of 1.5% of the purse.  The total fee is 2.5% of the purse.  For the $5 million Breeders Cup Classic, the owner of a nominated horse pays $125,000 in fees [2.5% of $5 million].  To enter a non-nominated horse, it costs 9% of the purse [$450,000 for the Classic] if the sire was nominated, or 15% [$750,000 for the Classic] if the sire was not nominated.  Pre-entry and entry fees are essentially non-refundable. 

According to recent financial statements, the annual Championship fees collected by Breeders Cup Limited for the World Championships were $17.6 million in 2005 and $23 million in 2006. A boost is coming from the EBF (European Breeders Fund) which is the European counterpart to Breeders Cup Ltd.  A cross-registration agreement exists between the EBF and Breeders Cup Ltd that allows horses in the EBF program to participate in the Breeders Cup World Championship races by payment of the standard entry fee [as long as the European foal is sired by a EBF-nominated stallion].  Three times the standard fee must be paid if the sire of the European horse is not a EBF-nominated stallion.

For 2007, starting with $23 million in championship fees from all sources, we add to this another $8 million from the Foal Nomination program and $14 million from the Stallion Nomination program, and get a total $45 million in revenues.  Counter against that the $8 million for purses for the pre-Championship Breeders Cup Stakes program, and the $23 million for the World Championship purses, and you get expenses of $31 million.  This leaves a positive net balance of $14 million.  Since 1984, Breeders Cup Ltd has distributed over $420 million in Purses and Awards in this manner.  That's a remarkable accomplishment.  And now you know how they do it!

How many dollars are wagered on Breeders Cup World Championship day?  In 2006 the total dollars wagered on the Breeders Cup [staged at Churchill Downs] from all outlets worldwide was an amazing $140.3 million.  This represents a $16.4 million increase (13.2%) over 2005 [Belmont Park] when $123.9 million was wagered worldwide.  Expectations are high, for good reason,  in Monmouth, New Jersey for the 2007 Breeders Cup program. 

The 2007 World Championships At Monmouth Park

This year's culminating event is the two-day World Championships (October 26 and 27) staging 11 races at Monmouth Park, New Jersey worth $23 million in purses.  Three new $1 million races will be introduced on Friday, October 26.  They are the Breeders Cup Dirt Mile (for 3-year-olds and up), the Breeders Cup Filly & Mare Sprint (for 3-year-olds and up fillies & mares), and the Breeders Cup Juvenile Turf. 

Monmouth Park has undergone some $30 million dollars of renovations in preparation for hosting the 2007 Breeders Cup championships. Two of the biggest highlights include major changes to the Monmouth racing surfaces. A completely new cushion for the dirt course has been installed (similar to the standard cushions used on the east coast) and was ready in time for the May 12, 2007 season opening.  Also, a brand new turf course was installed in early 2006, and made its debut in the summer of 2006.  


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Commentary For The Entire Breeders Cup Card
               
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